Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

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# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps manufacturers create better products and consumers make informed choices.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene (most common)
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

Key properties:
– Soft and comfortable
– Quick-drying surface
– Hypoallergenic
– Allows liquid to pass through easily

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial part of the pad, responsible for fluid absorption. Materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

Absorption characteristics:
– High liquid retention capacity
– Rapid absorption rate
– Minimal rewet (keeps surface dry)

### 3. Back Sheet

The waterproof layer that prevents leaks:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous film
– Biodegradable options (PLA, PBAT)

Important features:
– Liquid-proof
– Flexible and durable
– Some offer breathability

### 4. Adhesive Components

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for panty attachment
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding
– Silicone-based release paper

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

Modern sanitary pads may include additional materials for enhanced performance:

– Odor control agents (activated charcoal, baking soda)
– Aloe vera or vitamin E coatings
– Antibacterial treatments
– Cooling gel components

## Material Safety and Regulations

All sanitary pad materials must comply with:

– FDA regulations (for US market)
– EU cosmetic regulations
– ISO 10993 for biocompatibility
– OEKO-TEX Standard 100 for harmful substances

## Environmental Considerations

Eco-friendly alternatives are gaining popularity:

– Organic cotton topsheets
– Biodegradable backsheets
– Plant-based SAP
– Chlorine-free fluff pulp

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad raw materials directly affects product performance, comfort, and safety. Manufacturers continue to innovate with new materials that offer better absorption, comfort, and environmental sustainability while maintaining strict hygiene standards. Understanding these materials helps consumers choose products that best meet their needs and preferences.