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NIMONIC Alloy 90 UNS N07090: High-Performance Nickel-Chromium Superalloy for Extreme Environments

NIMONIC Alloy 90 (UNS N07090) is a high-performance nickel-chromium superalloy renowned for its exceptional strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Developed by Rolls-Royce in the 1940s as part of the NIMONIC series, this alloy has become a cornerstone material in aerospace, power generation, and industrial applications where extreme environments demand superior performance.

Composition and Key Characteristics

The chemical composition of NIMONIC Alloy 90 is carefully balanced to deliver optimal performance:

• Nickel (Ni): 55-60% (base element)
• Chromium (Cr): 18-21%
• Cobalt (Co): 15-21%
• Titanium (Ti): 2.0-3.0%
• Aluminum (Al): 1.0-2.0%
• Iron (Fe): ≤2.0%
• Carbon (C): ≤0.13%
• Manganese (Mn): ≤1.0%
• Silicon (Si): ≤1.0%
• Copper (Cu): ≤0.5%

This unique combination of elements gives NIMONIC Alloy 90 its remarkable properties, including:

• Excellent high-temperature strength up to 900°C (1652°F)
• Outstanding oxidation and corrosion resistance
• Superior creep resistance under stress
• Good fatigue resistance
• Maintains mechanical properties after prolonged exposure to high temperatures

Heat Treatment and Processing

NIMONIC Alloy 90 achieves its optimal properties through specific heat treatment processes:

Solution Treatment

The alloy is typically solution treated at 1080-1120°C (1976-2048°F) followed by rapid cooling. This process dissolves the gamma prime (γ’) precipitates and prepares the material for aging.

Aging Treatment

Aging is performed at 700-800°C (1292-1472°F) for 16 hours to precipitate the γ’ phase (Ni3(Al,Ti)), which significantly strengthens the alloy. The exact aging parameters can be adjusted to optimize properties for specific applications.

Mechanical Properties

The mechanical properties of NIMONIC Alloy 90 vary with temperature and heat treatment: