# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties
## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Components
Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Modern sanitary pads consist of multiple layers, each serving a specific purpose in absorption, protection, and comfort.
## Core Materials in Sanitary Pads
### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)
The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:
– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or other natural fibers for premium products
Key properties: Softness, breathability, and quick-dry capability to prevent skin irritation and maintain comfort.
### 2. Absorbent Core
This is the most crucial component responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:
– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both in varying ratios
The absorbent core can retain 10-50 times its weight in liquid, depending on the product quality.
### 3. Back Sheet
The back sheet prevents leakage and is usually composed of:
– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films in premium products
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options
This layer must be liquid-proof while allowing some breathability to prevent skin irritation.
## Additional Components
### 1. Adhesive Layers
– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for pad attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesives for bonding different layers together
### 2. Release Paper
Protects the adhesive before use, typically made from silicon-coated paper or plastic film.
### 3. Side Barriers
Some pads include raised barriers along the edges made from absorbent or non-absorbent materials to prevent side leakage.
## Material Properties and Performance
The effectiveness of sanitary pads depends on several material properties:
### 1. Absorption Capacity
– Measured in grams of fluid absorbed per gram of material
– SAP typically offers higher absorption than fluff pulp alone
### 2. Retention Ability
– Capacity to retain absorbed fluid under pressure
– Critical for preventing rewet and leakage
### 3. Softness and Comfort
– Surface texture affects wearer comfort
– Breathability reduces skin irritation and heat buildup
### 4. Odor Control
– Some materials incorporate odor-neutralizing agents
Keyword: sanitary pad raw material
– Proper absorption helps minimize odor development
## Environmental Considerations
Recent developments focus on more sustainable materials:
– Biodegradable top sheets from bamboo or cotton
– Plant-based SAP alternatives
– Compostable back sheets
– Reduced plastic content in all components
Manufacturers continue to innovate in material science to improve performance while addressing environmental concerns. The choice of raw materials significantly impacts both product effectiveness and ecological footprint.
