mobanmarketFrom December 7th to 19th, 2022, the United Nations Biodiversity Conference, Conference of Parties (COP) is being held at Montreal, Canada. Governments from around the world come together to address issues related to nature and come to a consensus on a new set of goals and targets that can guide global action on nature.
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UN Biodiversity Conference: COP15
This biodiversity COP is held every two years, with this year being important for setting a new global biodiversity framework. After the implementation of Aichi Biodiversity Targets in 2010, the post 2020 global biodiversity framework will be the first one to be adopted.
Aichi Biodiversity Targets were set in the COP10 held at Nagoya, Japan. The 20 biodiversity targets along with reducing natural habitat loss to 50% and plans for sustainable production and consumption were implemented. According to the 2020 Convention for Biological Diversity (CBD) report, none of these targets were fully met.
Why Is COP15 Important
AFP
It is the need of the hour to address the loss of biodiversity. Our planet is experiencing a severe decrease in natural biodiversity as a result of human activities. This is touted as the largest loss since the extinction of dinosaurs. There are one million plants and animals that face the threat of extinction.
Our existence heavily relies on clean air, food, and a livable climate which is regulated by the natural world. A healthy planet is also a base for resilient economies. More than half of global GDP, approximately $41.7 trillion, is reliant on healthy ecosystems. People living around the world benefit from a healthy planet in terms of food, energy, materials, medicines, recreation etc. which contribute to human well-being.
AFP
Sustainable development goals can be met with healthy environments which in turn can limit global warming to 1.5 degree Celsius. COP15 plans to gain the biggest agreement to halt and reverse nature loss, on par with 2015 Paris Climate Agreement. The policies adopted in Montreal will essentially be the blueprint to save the planet’s decreasing biodiversity.
COP15: Key Issues
The important issues to be addressed in the COP15 summit include over 20 targets from proposals to reduce pesticide use, address invasive species, eliminate subsidies that are harmful to the environment and increase financing for nature from both public and private sectors.
The framework must work on the five key direct drivers of biodiversity loss like changing use of land and sea, overexploitation of organisms, climate change, pollution and invasive non native species and their basic causes like unsustainable production and consumption.
AFP
The solutions agreed upon at COP15 must enclose all of the society, from financial sectors, businesses, governments, NGOs and civil societies. Including indigenous people and local communities is also important in the decision making process related to nature and recognition of their lands.
Agreement on finance needs to be done as to how wealthy nations are willing to assist developing nations with conservation of biodiversity, as well as access and benefit sharing when it comes to use of data from genetic resources. The point of importance here is that all are able to benefit from nature’s resources, not just a limited number of entities.
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